The evidence behind SOS

Hydration, under the microscope.

Explore the independent research, established mechanism and evidence standards that inform SOS Rapid Hydration Science™.

Explore the evidence Learn how it works →
Independent
University-led research
WHO-guided
Oral rehydration principles
50+ years
Established ORS evidence
Mechanism model Sodium-glucose co-transport
Transport pairSodium + glucose
ResultWater follows sodium
Evidence library

Evidence library

Research, not rhetoric.

Explore independent product studies, laboratory testing and foundational research connected to hydration, absorption and performance.

6Research areas
IndependentExternal investigation
TransparentLimitations acknowledged

6 studies shown

01 Performance

Independent, peer-reviewed

Effectiveness of SOS for highly trained middle-distance runners

Study into effectiveness of SOS following a high-intensity interval training session.

Evidence summary
02 Hydration

Coventry University · 2016

Restoring hydration balance

Independent study into the effectiveness of SOS in restoring hydration balance.

Evidence summary
03 Sugar

High Performance Sport Lab, AUT · 2015

Effectiveness of excess sugar in sports drinks

Independent study into the effectiveness of excess sugar in sports drinks.

Evidence summary
04 Osmolarity

Third-party specialist lab

Osmolarity testing

Research conducted by a verified third-party specialist osmolarity testing lab.

Evidence summary
05 Military

American Bio Defense Institute

Covid hydration management using SOS

White paper on military and Covid hydration management using SOS.

Evidence summary
06 Mechanism

PNAS · 1996

Co-transport of water by the Na+/glucose cotransporter

Fundamental research on sodium-glucose co-transport.

Evidence summary

Our evidence standard

Claims should earn your trust.

Hydration science is nuanced. We separate established mechanisms, independent product research and emerging evidence rather than treating every source as equal.

  1. 01

    Start with mechanism

    Ground formulation decisions in established sodium-glucose co-transport and oral rehydration principles.

  2. 02

    Invite independence

    Use university and third-party investigation to test product performance outside our own walls.

  3. 03

    Show the limits

    Treat study design, population and context as part of the result—not inconvenient fine print.

Source library Third-party empirical research

SOS falls within the ranges set out by the WHO Oral Rehydration Solution Guidelines, supported by over 50 years of dehydration research.

  1. Benton D & Young HA. Do small differences in hydration status affect mood and mental performance? Nutr Rev., 2004.
  2. Oral Rehydration Solution: A "low tech" oft neglected therapy. Nutrition issues in gastroenterology, 2004.
  3. Bellemare et al. Oral rehydration versus IV therapy for treating dehydration in children. BMC Medicine, 2004.
  4. Casa D. et al. Intravenous versus Oral rehydration. Am Coll Sport Med., 2008.
  5. Armstrong LE, Costill DL & Fink WJ. Influence of diuretic-induced dehydration on running performance. 1985.
  6. Maughan. Impact of mild dehydration on wellness and exercise performance. Eur J Clin Nutr., 2003.
  7. Suh JS et al. Recent advances of oral rehydration therapy. Electrolyte Blood Press, 2010.
  8. Baker L. et al. Normative data for regional sweat sodium concentration. J Sports Sci, 2015.

Formulation informed by WHO/UNICEF ORS principles; no affiliation or endorsement implied. For study limitations and methods, see original sources.

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